THE ERA OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE – 2022
Ø What is programming language ?
A programming language is a computer language that is used by programmers (developers) to communicate with computers.
A programming language is mainly used to develop desktop applications, websites, and mobile applications.
Example :- C, C++, Java, Python
Ø Types of programming language
1. Low-level programming language
Low-level language is machine-dependent (0s and 1s) programming language.
The processor runs low- level programs directly without the need of a compiler or interpreter, so the programs written in low-level language can be run very fast.
Low-level language is further divided into two parts
I . Machine Language
Machine language is a type of low-level programming language. It is also called as machine code or object code.
it is normally displayed in binary or hexadecimal.
It does not require a translator to convert the programs because computers directly understand the machine language programs.
It helps the programmer to execute the programs faster than the high-level programming language.
II . Assembly Language
Assembly language (ASM) is also a type of low-level programming language that is designed for specific processors.
It represents the set of instructions in a symbolic and human-understandable form. It uses an assembler to convert the assembly language to machine language.
it requires less memory and less execution time to execute a program.
2. High-level programming language
High-level programming language (HLL) is designed for developing user-friendly software programs and websites.
This programming language requires a compiler or interpreter to translate the program into machine language (execute the program).
The main advantage of a high-level language is that it is easy to read, write, and maintain.
High-level programming language includes Python, Java, JavaScript, PHP, C#, C++, Objective C, Cobol, Perl, Pascal, LISP, FORTRAN, and Swift programming language.
A high-level language is further divided into three parts -
I . Procedural Oriented programming language.
Procedural Oriented programming language is used by a software programmer to create a program that can be accomplished by using a programming editor like IDE, Adobe Dreamweaver, or Microsoft Visual Studio.
The advantage of POP language is that it helps programmers to easily track the program flow and code can be reused in different parts of the program.
Example: C, FORTRAN, Basic, Pascal, etc.
I I . Object-Oriented Programming language
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) language is based upon the objects. In this programming language, programs are divided into small parts called objects.
It is used to implement real-world entities like inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction, etc in the program to makes the program reusable, efficient, and easy-to-use.
The main advantage of object-oriented programming is that OOP is faster and easier to execute, maintain, modify, as well as debug.
Example: C++, Java, Python, C#, etc
III . Natural language
Natural language is a part of human languages such as English, Russian, German, and Japanese.
It is used by machines to understand, manipulate, and interpret human's language.
It is used by developers to perform tasks such as translation, automatic summarization, Named Entity Recognition (NER), relationship extraction, and topic segmentation.
The main advantage of natural language is that it helps users to ask questions in any subject and directly respond within seconds.
3.Middle level of programming language
Middle-level programming language lies between the low-level programming language and high-level programming language. It is also known as the intermediate programming language and pseudo-language.
A middle-level programming language's advantages are that it supports the features of high-level programming, it is a user-friendly language, and closely related to machine language and human language.
Example: C, C++, language
Ø Most commonly used Programming Language
Some most widely used programming languages are given below –
1. Python
PYTHON
Python is one of the most widely used user-friendly programming languages. It is an open-source and easy to learn programming language developed in the 1990s. It is mostly used in Machine learning, Artificial intelligence, Big Data, GUI based desktop applications, and Robotics.
2.JAVA
Java is a simple, secure, platform-independent, reliable, architecture-neutral high-level programming language developed by Sun Microsystems in 1995. Now, Java is owned by Oracle. It is mainly used to develop bank, retail, information technology, android, big data, research community, web, and desktop applications.
3.C
C is a popular, simple, and flexible general-purpose computer programming language. Dennis M Ritchie develops it in 1972 at AT&T. It is a combination of both low-level programming language as well as a high-level programming language. It is used to design applications like Text Editors, Compilers, Network devices, and many more.
4. C++
C++ is one of the thousands of programming languages that we use to develop software. C++ programming language is developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1980. It is similar to the C programming language but also includes some additional features such as exception handling, object-oriented programming, type checking, etc.
